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Tuesday 24 September 2013

CHAPTER 15 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS



TEAMS, PARTNERSHIPS AND ALLIANCES

 >>> Organizations create and use teams, partnerships and alliances to:
Ø~Undertake new initiatives.
Ø~Address both minor and major problems.
Ø~Capitalize on significant opportunities.
>>> Organizations create teams, partnerships and alliances both internally with employees and externally with other organizations.
>>> Collaboration system – supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information.


Information partnerships with other organizations



=>> Organizations from alliance and partnerships with other organizations based on their core competency:
§~Core Competency – An organization’s key strength, a business function that it does better than any of its competitors.
§~Core Competency Strategy – Organization chooses to focus specifically on its core competency and forms partnerships with other organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes.

=>> Information technology can make a business partnership easier to establish and manage:
§~Information Partnerships – Occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer.

=>> The internet has dramatically increased the ease and availability for IT – enabled organizational alliance and partnerships.


COLLABORATION SYSTEMS

Ø  Collaboration solves specific business tasks such as telecommuting, online meetings, deploying applications, and remote project and sales management.
Ø  Collaboration System – An IT- based set of tools that supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information.
Ø  Two categories of collaboration:
1. Unstructured Collaboration (Information Collaboration) – includes document exchange, shared whiteboards, discussion forums, and email.
2. Structured Collaboration (Process Collaboration) – involves shared participation in business processes such as workflow in which knowledge is hard-coded as rules.

Collaborative business functions 



>>> Collaboration Systems include:

=> Knowledge Management Systems.
=> Content Management Systems.
=> Workflow Management Systems.
=> Groupware Systems.


KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Ø  Knowledge Management (KM) – involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions.
Ø  Knowledge Management System – supports the capturing and use of an organization’s “know-how”.


CONTENT MANAGEMENT

Ø  Content Management System (CMS) – provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing and publication of information in a collaborative environment.
Ø  CMS marketplace includes:
>> Document Management System (DMS).
>> Digital Assets Management System (DAM).
>> Web Content Management System (WCM).


WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

=>> Work activities can be performed in series or in parallel that involves people and automated computer systems.
=>> Workflow – defines all the steps or business rules, from beginning to end, required for a business process.
=>> Workflow management system – facilitates the automation and management of business processes and controls the movement of work through the business process.
=>> Messaging-based workflow system – sends work assignments through an email system.
=>> Database-based workflow system – stores documents in a central location and automatically asks the team members to access the document when it is their turn to edit the document.


GROUPWARE SYSTEMS

Groupware Technologies


>>> Groupware – software that supports teams interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling and videoconferencing .






EXPLICIT AND TACIT KNOWLEDGE

=>>> Intellectual and knowledge-based assets fall into two categories:
1. Explicit knowledge – consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT.
2. Tacit knowledge – knowledge contained in people’s heads.

=>>> The following are two best practices for transferring or recreating tacit knowledge:
1. Shadowing – less experienced staff observe more experienced staff to learn how their more experienced counterparts approach their work.
2. Joint problem solving – a novice and expert work together on a project.

Reasons why organizations launch knowledge management programs: 




WORKING WIKIS

>> Wikis – web-based tools that make it easy for users to add, remove, and change online content.
>> Business Wikis – collaborative web pages that allows users to edit documents, share ideas or monitor the status of a project.


WEB CONFERENCING

>> Web Conferencing – blends audio, video and document-sharing technologies to create virtual meeting rooms where people “gather” at a password-protected website.




VIDEOCONFERENCING

>> Video Conference – A set of interactive telecommunication technologies that allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. 




INSTANT MESSAGING

=>> Email is the dominant form of collaboration application, but real-time collaboration tools like instant messaging are creating a new communication dynamic.
=>>Instant messaging – types of communications service that enables someone to create a kind of private chat room with another individual to communicate in real-time over the internet.
=>> Instant messaging application. 




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